This site presents academic research that is intended for scholarly use. Consumption or other uses of plants without the direct supervision of and expert is not recommended. Use of native plants in the diet requires the correct identification of plant species and should not be attempted without complete verification of plant materials. An appreciation of the potential for food allergies and ingestion of hazardous materials absorbed by plants growing in contaminated soils is needed before consuming any new foods. Self-medication using native herbs is strongly discouraged. Consult an M.D., a licensed herbalist, or knowledgeable tribal elder before treating any medical condition. The university and its representatives have attempted to verify the statements and descriptions of plant uses, both traditional and modern, but the site presents opinions and descriptions of plant uses that were presented to the researchers in interviews and therefore may represent unverified anecdotal materials.  The information on this site does not imply a recommendation or support of the individual who has provided information to the university or its representatives.